The October Uprising and Reform in Iraq: An Analytical Study of a Popular Uprising Phenomenon

ALI ALMARHIJ

doi:10.56989/benkj.v2i1.928

Authors

Prof. Dr. Ali A. Almerhj College of Art, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IRAQ.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56989/benkj.v2i1.928

Keywords:

October Uprising , Reform , Reform in Iraq, Popular Uprising

Abstract

Abstract:

The study's aim depends on the theoretical hypothesis's statement: reform in Iraq comes from the bottom to the top, not the opposite. In most countries, reform comes according to a deliberate governmental program. Whereas in Iraq, reform comes from people's discontent toward political corruption. Thus, reform in Iraq is not a vision presented by the Government to act upon, but rather, it is relatively a government's reaction to diminishing the uprising of the masses.

This study presents the popular uprising values in reforming Iraq’s path and the Government through an analytical approach. We look into the Iraqi reality that almost reached a dead end and relied on the masses to change the parties' equation of consensus. The study expresses the extent of the manifestation of “national identity" during the October Popular Uprising as a reforming act and the masses’ goal of "building a nation."

This study presents an analytical vision for Iraq's future and its national identity, which brings back the people's voice after being suppressed by the "Ethnic" and "Sectarianism" parties.

الملخص:

هدف الدراسة لبيان الفرضية النظرية: "الإصلاح في العراق يأتي من الأسفل إلى الأعلى وليس العكس"، حيث يأتي الإصلاح في معظم البلدان وفق برنامج حكومي مدروس. بينما في العراق، يأتي الإصلاح نتيجة استياء الناس من الفساد السياسي. وبالتالي، فإن الإصلاح في العراق لم يأتِ رؤية قدمتها الحكومة للعمل على أساسها، بل جاء كرد فعل نسبي للحكومة على تقليص انتفاضة الجماهير.

عرضت هذه الدراسة قيم الانتفاضة الشعبية في إصلاح مسار العراق والحكومة من خلال نهج فلسفي تحليلي، حيث قمناب تحليل الواقع العراقي الذي كاد أن يصل إلى طريق مسدود واعتمد على الجماهير لتغيير معادلة التوافق بين الأطراف، كما أوضحت الدراسة مدى تجسيد "الهوية الوطنية" خلال انتفاضة أكتوبر الشعبية كعمل إصلاحي وهدف الجماهير المتمثل في "بناء أمة"، وقدمت هذه الدراسة رؤية تحليلية لمستقبل العراق وهويته الوطنية؛ تعيد صوت الشعب بعد قمعه من قبل الأطراف "الاثنية" و "الطائفية".

الكلمات المفتاحية: العراق، انتفاضة أكتوبر، الإصلاح في العراق

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