Fundamental rules affecting exemptions from fasting

Abstract

This research aimed at clarifying the fundamental rules affecting exemptions from fasting and explaining these exemptions in the valuable schools of Islamic jurisprudence. Furthermore, it explained the difference in the meaning of fasting (act of abstaining from talking) and fasting (act of abstaining from food) in the language and mentioning the selected opinion. The researcher had adopted the deductive-inductive approach in studying this important topic. Thus, every exemption was mentioned with its definition, explanation and ruling, in addition to clarifying the points at issue of it and explaining the opinion selected by the researcher. Then the fundamental rules affecting each of these exemptions were mentioned. The researcher ascribed the Quranic verses to their position in the Holy Quran, documented the hadiths mentioned in the research, in addition to the researcher translation of the mentioned eminent persons, except for the great Companions of the Prophet and narrators of hadiths. The research found a set of results and the most significant of which was that the fundamental rules affecting exemptions from fasting fall under the fundamental rules of the Holy Quran and Sunnah, and as other exemptions, these exemptions are based on the obligation's condition which is the ability to act and know it. At the conclusion, the researcher recommended that scholars ought to write more researches about the fundamental rules due to their importance and because non-specialists couldn’t differentiate between the fundamental rules and jurisprudence rules.