Causes of Bullying Behavior among Students in the First Stage of Basic Education from the Perspective of Psychological Counselors in Casablanca

Abstract

            The study aimed to identify the level of prevalence of school bullying behavior and its causes among first-grade students in primary education from the perspective of school counselors. It also aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the responses of school counselors regarding the level of prevalence of school bullying behavior among first-grade students in primary education based on variables such as gender, experience, and educational qualification. The study population consisted of 285 participants, and a sample of 155 male and female school counselors was selected using Krejcie and Morgan's formula (Krejcie, Morgan, 1970).

 The study utilized the Bullying Behavior Scale for Elementary Stage Students by Ali (2021), which consists of 33 items covering the causes of school bullying behavior in four domains: personal, familial, school-related, and media and technological revolution. Through the analysis of the results, the study reached several findings, including: no significant differences among the sample participants based on gender in terms of the total score of the scale and its dimensions (personal, familial, school-related, and media-related causes); no significant differences based on years of experience in the total score of the scale and its dimensions (personal, familial, school-related, and media-related causes); and no significant differences based on educational qualification in the total score of the scale and its dimensions (personal, familial, school-related, and media-related causes).