Manifestations of the deterioration of the environmental environment in Morocco and the impact of agricultural changes The case of the Beni Karzaz basin, a tributary of the Nafifekh valley

Abstract

The environment as a comprehensive concept means that the interaction between the different sectors, whether biotic, aquatic or aeronautical, is considered. This report envisages looking at the relationships between man and his environment, the interactive relationship that creates imbalance and will be reflected in the future in determining the ways of sustainable development. The basin of Bani Karzaz, a tributary of the valley of Ninevich, Bensliman, is a living model of the relationship of influence and vulnerability that combines man and his surroundings as a field that suffers from man's intervention since ancient times, which increased the fragility of his field. This intervention contributed to the expansion of the forms of erosion, making it faster and the resulting residues and constraints that are difficult to address in the near future This is achieved through the deforestation and over-exploitation of the aquifers, which has further reduced its depth, particularly in the increasing demand for water through the over-pumping of water for use in modern watering. In addition, a decrease in the number of eyes compared to the sixties of the last century (the results of field interviews) all this hastened significantly to reduce the water potential and high salinity. Aware of the danger of land degradation in small basins, we have considered working on a small basin model of the Nefevich River Basin, located at the northern end of the Bensliman Plateau, with a total area of ​​about 900 hectares. This basin is a living example of the degradation of natural resources, hindering sustainable development in the field.