Cartographic Representation Methods of Geomorphological Landforms Using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of the Umm Rahal Map Sheet According to the ITC System

Abstract

This study examines cartographic representation methods for geomorphological landforms, focusing on the Umm Rahal area as a case study, with the aim of developing an integrated framework for understanding and applying appropriate methods to represent different types of geomorphological phenomena using the ITC system, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Remote Sensing. The study adopts an integrated methodology combining the analysis of topographic and spatial data, field investigation, and geomorphological modeling, enabling the analysis and cartographic representation of topographic, structural, and erosion- and deposition-related landforms. The results demonstrate that the diversity and flexibility of cartographic representation methods in adapting to the distinctive characteristics of each geomorphological phenomenon contribute to producing more accurate and effective maps and enhance the ability to understand and interpret the geomorphological characteristics of the study area. The application of the ITC system in integration with GIS and Remote Sensing also highlights the importance of these technologies in organizing and analyzing geomorphological data and presenting them in detailed maps that can be utilized in geographical and environmental applications. The study concludes that a flexible approach should be adopted in selecting cartographic representation methods according to the nature and characteristics of each geomorphological phenomenon. It also recommends developing a strategic plan for the periodic updating of topographic maps using the latest Remote Sensing and GIS technologies, while establishing priorities, allocating the necessary resources, and ensuring data quality and reliability. This would contribute to providing an accurate and reliable spatial database to support urban planning, natural resource management, and other related applications.